{
  "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
  "id": "https://nightboxllc.com/.well-known/scientific-cooperation.json",
  "title": "Fundamental Scientific Cooperation (Domain #5)",
  "version": "1.0",
  "issued": "2026-05-19",
  "publisher": {"name": "NIGHTBOX LLC", "url": "https://nightboxllc.com", "sam_uei": "UHCAB6UXXKF2", "cage_code": "20BA7"},
  "license": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "human_readable_uri": "https://nightboxllc.com/scientific-cooperation",
  "human_readable_uri_ru": "https://nightboxllc.com/ru/scientific-cooperation",

  "anchor_doctrine": {
    "framework": "Liaison Framework v2.3",
    "framework_uri": "https://nightboxllc.com/.well-known/liaison-framework.json",
    "practical_friendship_program_domain": 5,
    "domain_name": "Fundamental Scientific Cooperation"
  },

  "thesis": "Bilateral US-RF scientific cooperation operates on decade timescales and weathers political cycles by structure. JINR Dubna founded 1956. ITER founding partners. Thousands of co-authored peer-reviewed papers per year through 2024. Math has no language; data has no flag. This is the cooperation domain with the least institutional friction.",

  "institutional_architecture": [
    {"id": "JINR", "name": "Joint Institute for Nuclear Research", "location": "Dubna, Russia", "founded": 1956, "us_status": "observer", "rf_status": "host", "scope": "particle physics, nuclear physics, condensed matter"},
    {"id": "ITER", "name": "International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor", "location": "Cadarache, France", "founded": 2006, "us_status": "founding member", "rf_status": "founding member", "scope": "fusion energy research; 35 nations participating"},
    {"id": "CERN", "name": "European Organization for Nuclear Research", "location": "Geneva, Switzerland", "founded": 1954, "us_status": "observer (1998)", "rf_status": "observer", "scope": "joint participation on LHC experiments (ATLAS, CMS, ALICE)"},
    {"id": "IAEA", "name": "International Atomic Energy Agency", "location": "Vienna, Austria", "founded": 1957, "us_status": "founding member", "rf_status": "founding member", "scope": "peaceful-uses, safeguards, fuel-cycle research"},
    {"id": "RadioAstron", "name": "RadioAstron / Spektr-R space radio telescope", "operating": "2011-2019", "scope": "operated jointly with NASA Deep Space Network for tracking; highest-resolution radio astronomy images in history"},
    {"id": "RAS-NAS", "name": "Russian Academy of Sciences ↔ US National Academy of Sciences", "agreement": "Lacy-Zarubin Agreement 1958", "scope": "joint working groups, exchange programs, joint publications"},
    {"id": "Steklov-AMS", "name": "Steklov Institute ↔ American Mathematical Society", "scope": "continuous mathematics co-publication"},
    {"id": "IUPAC-IUPAP-IUGG", "name": "International Scientific Unions", "scope": "International Unions for Pure and Applied Chemistry, Physics, Geodesy and Geophysics — both states full members"}
  ],

  "working_channels": [
    {"name": "NSF International Science and Engineering", "scope": "US-RF co-PI projects, continuous funding cycles through 2024"},
    {"name": "NIH-foreign engagement", "scope": "oncology, infectious diseases, neuroscience; NIH NOT-OD-19-114 mandatory disclosure regime"},
    {"name": "NASA Science Mission Directorate ↔ IKI RAS", "scope": "earth observation, planetary science, astrophysics"},
    {"name": "NOAA ↔ Roshydromet", "scope": "weather forecasting, climate modeling, oceanographic data exchange"},
    {"name": "USDA ↔ RAS", "scope": "agricultural genetics, food-safety surveillance, cold-climate crop research"},
    {"name": "DOE Office of Science national laboratory partnerships", "scope": "Argonne, Oak Ridge, Lawrence Berkeley, SLAC visiting scientist hosting within ITAR/EAR limits"}
  ],

  "publishing_record": {
    "approximate_us_rf_co_authored_papers_per_year_pre_2014": "several thousand",
    "post_2022_status": "slower than pre-2014 but never zero; reaccelerating in fields requiring both sides' instruments or datasets",
    "fields": ["physics", "mathematics", "chemistry", "biology", "materials science", "earth sciences"]
  },

  "structural_reasons_it_works": [
    "Data needs both sources — climate models, particle physics datasets, telescope time, materials samples require instruments and observations from both sides of Earth.",
    "Mathematical proofs are jurisdiction-independent — peer review is the same in any language.",
    "Scientific careers operate on decade timescales — collaborations published 2026 were started 2018-2022; collaborations starting now publish through 2032+. Political weather is high-frequency; scientific work is low-frequency. They average out."
  ],

  "editorial_recommendations": [
    "Sustain NSF, NIH, NASA, NOAA bilateral working programs through existing funding mechanisms.",
    "Maintain US observer status at JINR Dubna.",
    "Continue ITER participation by both states.",
    "Protect academic exchange visa processing (J-1, F-1 in US; analogous categories in RF).",
    "Restore joint scientific commission senior meetings at RAS-NAS level."
  ],

  "scope_discipline": {
    "in_scope": ["Editorial documentation of bilateral scientific cooperation infrastructure", "Public-record advocacy for sustained funding and visa mobility"],
    "outside_scope": ["Commentary on specific export-controlled (ITAR/EAR) technologies", "Classified research", "Dual-use deemed-export determinations", "Foreign-talent-program compliance specifics", "Institutional disclosure requirement interpretation"]
  },

  "related_manifests": [
    "https://nightboxllc.com/.well-known/liaison-framework.json",
    "https://nightboxllc.com/.well-known/practical-friendship-program.json",
    "https://nightboxllc.com/.well-known/iss-cooperation.json"
  ],

  "contact": "artem@nightboxllc.com"
}